LLM

wippy/llm 模块提供了统一的接口，用于与多个提供商（OpenAI、Anthropic、Google、本地模型）的大语言模型进行交互。支持文本生成、工具调用、结构化输出、向量嵌入和流式传输。

配置

将模块添加到项目中：

wippy add wippy/llm
wippy install

在 _index.yaml 中声明依赖。LLM 模块需要环境存储（用于 API 密钥）和进程宿主：

version: "1.0"
namespace: app

entries:
  - name: os_env
    kind: env.storage.os

  - name: processes
    kind: process.host
    lifecycle:
      auto_start: true

  - name: dep.llm
    kind: ns.dependency
    component: wippy/llm
    version: "*"
    parameters:
      - name: env_storage
        value: app:os_env
      - name: process_host
        value: app:processes

env.storage.os 条目将操作系统环境变量暴露给 LLM 提供商。将 API 密钥设置为环境变量（例如 OPENAI_API_KEY、ANTHROPIC_API_KEY）。

文本生成

在条目中导入 llm 库并调用 generate()：

entries:
  - name: ask
    kind: function.lua
    source: file://ask.lua
    method: handler
    imports:
      llm: wippy.llm:llm

local llm = require("llm")

local function handler()
    local response, err = llm.generate("What are the three laws of robotics?", {
        model = "gpt-4o"
    })

    if err then
        return nil, err
    end

    return response.result
end

return { handler = handler }

generate() 的第一个参数可以是字符串提示词、提示词构建器或消息表。第二个参数是选项表。

生成选项

响应结构

提示词构建器

对于多轮对话和复杂提示词，使用提示词构建器：

imports:
  llm: wippy.llm:llm
  prompt: wippy.llm:prompt

local llm = require("llm")
local prompt = require("prompt")

local conversation = prompt.new()
conversation:add_system("You are a helpful assistant.")
conversation:add_user("What is the capital of France?")

local response, err = llm.generate(conversation, {
    model = "gpt-4o",
    temperature = 0.7,
    max_tokens = 500
})

构建器方法

所有 add_* 方法均返回构建器自身，支持链式调用。

多轮对话

通过追加消息来构建跨轮次的上下文：

local conversation = prompt.new()
conversation:add_system("You are a helpful assistant.")

-- first turn
conversation:add_user("What is Lua?")
local r1 = llm.generate(conversation, { model = "gpt-4o" })
conversation:add_assistant(r1.result)

-- second turn with full context
conversation:add_user("What makes it different from Python?")
local r2 = llm.generate(conversation, { model = "gpt-4o" })

多模态内容

在单条消息中组合文本和图像：

local conversation = prompt.new()
conversation:add_message(prompt.ROLE.USER, {
    prompt.text("What's in this image?"),
    prompt.image("https://example.com/photo.jpg")
})

角色常量

克隆

克隆构建器以创建变体，而不修改原始构建器：

local base = prompt.new()
base:add_system("You are a helpful assistant.")

local conv1 = base:clone()
conv1:add_user("What is AI?")

local conv2 = base:clone()
conv2:add_user("What is ML?")

流式传输

使用进程通信实时流式传输响应。需要 process.lua 条目：

local llm = require("llm")

local TOPIC = "llm_stream"

local function main()
    local stream_ch = process.listen(TOPIC)

    local response = llm.generate("Write a short story", {
        model = "gpt-4o",
        stream = {
            reply_to = process.pid(),
            topic = TOPIC,
        },
    })

    while true do
        local chunk, ok = stream_ch:receive()
        if not ok then break end

        if chunk.type == "chunk" then
            io.write(chunk.content)
        elseif chunk.type == "thinking" then
            io.write(chunk.content)
        elseif chunk.type == "error" then
            io.print("Error: " .. chunk.error.message)
            break
        elseif chunk.type == "done" then
            break
        end
    end

    process.unlisten(stream_ch)
end

数据块类型

工具调用

将工具定义为内联模式并传递给 generate()：

local llm = require("llm")
local prompt = require("prompt")
local json = require("json")

local tools = {
    {
        name = "get_weather",
        description = "Get current weather for a location",
        schema = {
            type = "object",
            properties = {
                location = { type = "string", description = "City name" },
            },
            required = { "location" },
        },
    },
}

local conversation = prompt.new()
conversation:add_user("What's the weather in Tokyo?")

local response = llm.generate(conversation, {
    model = "gpt-4o",
    tools = tools,
    tool_choice = "auto",
})

if response.tool_calls and #response.tool_calls > 0 then
    for _, tc in ipairs(response.tool_calls) do
        -- execute the tool and get a result
        local result = { temperature = 22, condition = "sunny" }

        -- add the exchange to the conversation
        conversation:add_function_call(tc.name, tc.arguments, tc.id)
        conversation:add_function_result(tc.name, json.encode(result), tc.id)
    end

    -- continue generation with tool results
    local final = llm.generate(conversation, { model = "gpt-4o" })
    print(final.result)
end

工具调用字段

工具选择

结构化输出

生成匹配模式的已验证 JSON：

local llm = require("llm")

local schema = {
    type = "object",
    properties = {
        name = { type = "string" },
        age = { type = "number" },
        hobbies = {
            type = "array",
            items = { type = "string" },
        },
    },
    required = { "name", "age", "hobbies" },
    additionalProperties = false,
}

local response, err = llm.structured_output(schema, "Describe a fictional character", {
    model = "gpt-4o",
})

if not err then
    print(response.result.name)
    print(response.result.age)
end

模型配置

模型定义为带有 meta.type: llm.model 的注册表条目：

entries:
  - name: gpt-4o
    kind: registry.entry
    meta:
      name: gpt-4o
      type: llm.model
      title: GPT-4o
      comment: OpenAI's flagship model
      capabilities:
        - generate
        - tool_use
        - structured_output
        - vision
      class:
        - balanced
      priority: 100
    max_tokens: 128000
    output_tokens: 16384
    pricing:
      input: 2.5
      output: 10
    providers:
      - id: wippy.llm.openai:provider
        provider_model: gpt-4o

模型条目字段

本地模型

对于本地托管的模型（LM Studio、Ollama），定义一个带有自定义 base_url 的单独提供商条目：

  - name: local_provider
    kind: registry.entry
    meta:
      name: ollama
      type: llm.provider
      title: Ollama Local
    driver:
      id: wippy.llm.openai:driver
      options:
        api_key_env: none
        base_url: http://127.0.0.1:11434/v1

  - name: local-llama
    kind: registry.entry
    meta:
      name: local-llama
      type: llm.model
      title: Local Llama
      capabilities:
        - generate
    max_tokens: 4096
    output_tokens: 4096
    pricing:
      input: 0
      output: 0
    providers:
      - id: app:local_provider
        provider_model: llama-3.2

模型解析

模型可以通过精确名称、类别或显式类别前缀引用：

-- exact model name
llm.generate("Hello", { model = "gpt-4o" })

-- model class (picks highest priority in that class)
llm.generate("Hello", { model = "fast" })

-- explicit class syntax
llm.generate("Hello", { model = "class:reasoning" })

解析顺序：

1. 按精确 meta.name 匹配
2. 按类别名称匹配（meta.priority 最高者优先）
3. 使用 class: 前缀时，仅在该类别中搜索

模型发现

在运行时查询可用模型及其能力：

local llm = require("llm")

-- all models
local models = llm.available_models()

-- filter by capability
local tool_models = llm.available_models("tool_use")
local embed_models = llm.available_models("embed")

-- list model classes
local classes = llm.get_classes()
for _, c in ipairs(classes) do
    print(c.name .. ": " .. c.title)
end

向量嵌入

生成用于语义搜索的向量嵌入：

local llm = require("llm")

-- single text
local response = llm.embed("The quick brown fox", {
    model = "text-embedding-3-small",
    dimensions = 512,
})
-- response.result is a float array

-- multiple texts
local response = llm.embed({
    "First document",
    "Second document",
}, { model = "text-embedding-3-small" })
-- response.result is an array of float arrays

错误处理

错误作为第二个返回值返回。发生错误时，第一个返回值为 nil：

local response, err = llm.generate("Hello", { model = "gpt-4o" })

if err then
    io.print("Error: " .. tostring(err))
    return
end

io.print(response.result)

错误类型

结束原因

能力

另请参阅

• 智能体 - 带有工具、委托和记忆的智能体框架
• 构建 LLM 智能体 - 分步教程
• 框架概述 - 框架模块用法